爾時大慧菩薩摩訶薩 白佛言 世尊 惟願爲說 一切諸法 自性相 我及餘菩薩摩訶薩 善解一切法 自性相已 離建立誹謗二邊惡見 疾得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提 佛告大慧 諦聽諦聽 善思念之 大慧 有五法 三種自性 八種識 二種無我 汝等諸菩薩摩訶薩 應當修學 大慧 云何五法 一者相 二者名 三者妄想 四者如如 五者正智 大慧 云何爲相 謂若處形相 顯現是名爲相
ěr shí dà huì púsà mó hē sà bái fó yán shì zūn wéi yuàn wèi shuō yī qiē zhū fǎ zì xìng xiāng wǒ jí yú púsà mó hē sà shàn jiě yī qiē fǎ zì xìng xiāng yǐ lí jiàn lì fěi bàng èr biān è jiàn jí dé ā nòu duō luó sān miǎo sān pú tí fó gào dà huì dì tīng dì tīng shàn sī niàn zhī dà huì yǒu wǔ fǎ sān zhǒng zì xìng bā zhǒng shí èr zhǒng wú wǒ rǔ děng zhū púsà mó hē sà yīng dāng xiū xué dà huì yún hé wǔ fǎ yī zhě xiāng èr zhě míng sān zhě wàng xiǎng sì zhě rú rú wǔ zhě zhèng zhì dà huì yún hé wèi xiāng wèi ruò chù xíng xiāng xiǎn xiàn shì míng wèi xiāng
Key Message
Abandoning the discriminating thoughts that cling to name and appearance, one reaches enlightenment when suchness — things as they truly are — is seen through right wisdom.
▸The first part of the 'Chapter of All Buddha-Speech and Mind' (一切佛語心品 上) expounds the 'Five Dharmas' (五法) and 'Three Self-natures' (三自性), the core doctrines of the Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra.
The first part of the 'Chapter of All Buddha-Speech and Mind' (一切佛語心品 上) expounds the 'Five Dharmas' (五法) and 'Three Self-natures' (三自性), the core doctrines of the Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra. The teaching unfolds as a dialogue: Bodhisattva Mahāmati (大慧菩薩) poses the question and the Buddha responds. The Five Dharmas are: appearance (相), name (名), discrimination (妄想), suchness (如如), and right wisdom (正智). The Three Self-natures are: the self-nature of discrimination (分別自性), the self-nature of dependent origination (依他自性), and the self-nature of true reality (眞實自性). The first three of the Five Dharmas — appearance, name, and discrimination — belong to the domain of deluded conceptualization, while suchness and right wisdom belong to the domain of enlightenment. This doctrinal system provides the philosophical foundation of Yogācāra studies (唯識學) and contains a profound analysis of the nature of language and cognition.