마태복음 Chapter 4

Translation: ESV

1

Then Jesus was led up by the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted by the devil.

Key Message

Jesus was led by the Spirit to the place of temptation and achieved perfect obedience as the Son of God.

▸Immediately after his baptism, the Spirit leads Jesus into the wilderness.

Immediately after his baptism, the Spirit leads Jesus into the wilderness. 'Led up (ἀνήχθη)' implies a strong movement, suggesting that the temptation was a planned event allowed under God's permission. The wilderness is where the nation of Israel wandered for 40 years and was tested; Jesus achieves perfect obedience in the very place where Israel failed.

Related Verses

And you shall remember the whole way that the LORD your God has led you these forty years in the wilderness, that he might humble you, testing you to know what was in your heart, whether you would keep his commandments or not.For we do not have a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses, but one who in every respect has been tempted as we are, yet without sin.
2

And after fasting forty days and forty nights, he was hungry.

Key Message

Jesus, as a true human being, experienced extreme hunger, and even in that vulnerability trusted God.

▸A forty-day fast evokes Moses (Exod.

3

And the tempter came and said to him, 'If you are the Son of God, command these stones to become loaves of bread.'

Key Message

The devil's temptations always begin with doubt about God's word and our identity.

▸The first temptation begins with the conditional 'If you are the Son of God,' seeking to plant doubt about Jesus' identity.

4

But he answered, 'It is written, "Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that comes from the mouth of God."'

Key Message

Jesus overcame the devil's temptation with God's word; this is the model we should follow.

▸Jesus responds by citing Deuteronomy 8:3.

5

Then the devil took him to the holy city and set him on the pinnacle of the temple

Key Message

Being in a holy place does not make one safe from temptation; one must always be prepared with God's word.

▸The location of the second temptation is the pinnacle of the Jerusalem temple.

6

and said to him, 'If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down, for it is written, "He will command his angels concerning you," and "On their hands they will bear you up, lest you strike your foot against a stone."'

Key Message

Even Scripture, when used out of context, can distort the truth; wisdom that understands God's whole will is needed.

▸The devil this time cites Psalm 91:11–12 to tempt Jesus.

7

Jesus said to him, 'Again it is written, "You shall not put the Lord your God to the test."'

Key Message

Faith that trusts God's promise does not demand evidence, and testing God is an expression of unbelief.

▸Jesus responds by citing Deuteronomy 6:16.

8

Again, the devil took him to a very high mountain and showed him all the kingdoms of the world and their glory.

Key Message

The devil proposes wrong methods to achieve legitimate ends; Jesus firmly refuses this temptation.

▸The third temptation takes place on a 'very high mountain' where all the kingdoms of the world are shown.

9

and he said to him, 'All these I will give you, if you will fall down and worship me.'

Key Message

The ultimate goal of all temptation is to make us worship something other than God.

▸The core of the third temptation is revealed.

10

Then Jesus said to him, 'Be gone, Satan! For it is written, "You shall worship the Lord your God and him only shall you serve."'

Key Message

Worshiping and serving God alone is the final principle overcoming all temptation.

▸Jesus for the first time directly commands 'Be gone, Satan!' In the previous two temptations he corrected with the word, but in this final temptation he firmly refuses and cites Deuteronomy 6:13.

11

Then the devil left him, and behold, angels came and were ministering to him.

Key Message

To one who overcomes temptation with God's word, God certainly sends heavenly provision and comfort.

▸After overcoming all three temptations, the devil departs and angels minister to him.

12

Now when he heard that John had been arrested, he withdrew into Galilee.

Key Message

God's ministry happens according to the times; the closing of one minister's work opens the beginning of another's.

▸The news of John the Baptist's imprisonment triggers the start of Jesus' public ministry.

13

And leaving Nazareth he went and lived in Capernaum by the sea, in the territory of Zebulun and Naphtali,

Key Message

Jesus established the marginalized, Gentile-mixed Galilee as his ministry center, showing the inclusiveness of God's kingdom.

▸Jesus leaves Nazareth and establishes Capernaum on the north shore of the Sea of Galilee as his base for ministry.

14

so that what was spoken by the prophet Isaiah might be fulfilled:

Key Message

The light of salvation begins from the most marginalized and darkest place; this is the paradox of God's kingdom.

▸Matthew's fulfillment formula appears again.

15

'The land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali, the way of the sea, beyond the Jordan, Galilee of the Gentiles —'

Key Message

Jesus first shines light on the marginalized and Gentile-mixed land, opening the door of the gospel toward the nations.

▸A quotation from Isaiah 9:1; Zebulun and Naphtali are the names of ancient tribal territories in northern Galilee.

16

'the people dwelling in darkness have seen a great light, and for those dwelling in the region and shadow of death, on them a light has dawned.'

Key Message

Jesus came into this world as a great light shining on all people trapped in the darkness of sin and death.

▸A quotation from Isaiah 9:2, declaring Jesus' Galilean ministry as 'a great light shining on a people sitting in darkness.

17

From that time Jesus began to preach, saying, 'Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.'

Key Message

The core of Jesus' gospel proclamation is the invitation to participate in God's kingdom through repentance.

▸The declaration of the core message of Jesus' public ministry.

18

While walking by the Sea of Galilee, he saw two brothers, Simon (who is called Peter) and Andrew his brother, casting a net into the sea, for they were fishermen.

Key Message

Jesus comes to ordinary people in the ordinary workplace and calls them to be his disciples.

▸Jesus calls his first disciples.

19

And he said to them, 'Follow me, and I will make you fishers of men.'

Key Message

Jesus comes to find us first and calls us, transforming our past lives into a new mission.

▸'Follow me (δεῦτε ὀπίσω μου)' is the expression a rabbi used to call a disciple, but generally a disciple would first come to find a teacher.

20

Immediately they left their nets and followed him.

Key Message

True discipleship requires immediate and complete commitment, and the courage to lay down the previous safety net of life.

▸The adverb 'immediately (εὐθέως)' emphasizes the immediate response.

21

And going on from there he saw two other brothers, James the son of Zebedee and John his brother, in the boat with Zebedee their father, mending their nets, and he called them.

Key Message

Jesus calls us from the ordinary workplace of daily life; where there is a calling, ability is also given.

▸James and John were members of a family fishing community working together with their father Zebedee.

22

Immediately they left the boat and their father and followed him.

Key Message

The call toward God's kingdom takes priority over any obligation of the world, and responding to it is true discipleship.

▸James and John left even the boat and their father.

23

And he went throughout all Galilee, teaching in their synagogues and proclaiming the gospel of the kingdom and healing every disease and every affliction among the people.

Key Message

Jesus' ministry is the integration of teaching, proclamation, and healing; God's kingdom comes with word and action together.

▸Jesus' Galilean ministry is summarized in three ways: teaching (διδάσκων), proclaiming (κηρύσσων), and healing (θεραπεύων).

24

So his fame spread throughout all Syria, and they brought him all the sick, those afflicted with various diseases and pains, those oppressed by demons, those having seizures, and paralytics, and he healed them.

Key Message

Jesus' healing ministry touches every form of human suffering, and the news crosses all boundaries.

▸The report of Jesus' healing spread beyond Galilee to Syria (a Gentile region), showing that his ministry became known in the Gentile world from the very beginning, crossing the boundary of Jews.

25

And great crowds followed him from Galilee and the Decapolis, and from Jerusalem and Judea, and from beyond the Jordan.

Key Message

Jesus' ministry from the beginning was a universal gospel for both Jews and Gentiles, all regions.

▸The geographical scope of the crowds following Jesus is enumerated.