출애굽기 Chapter 19

Translation: ESV

1

On the third new moon after the people of Israel had gone out of the land of Egypt, on that day they came into the wilderness of Sinai.

Key Message

God's promises are surely fulfilled, and the arrival of His people at the place of worship God foretold is evidence of God's faithfulness.

▸Three months after the Exodus, Israel arrives at Mount Sinai.

Three months after the Exodus, Israel arrives at Mount Sinai. This arrival is the fulfillment of the sign Moses received at Horeb (Sinai) (Ex. 3:12—'when you have brought the people out of Egypt, you shall serve God on this mountain'). They have at last arrived at the promised place of worship. The stage is set for the giving of the law, the narrative climax of Exodus.

Related Verses

He said, 'But I will be with you, and this shall be the sign for you, that I have sent you: when you have brought the people out of Egypt, you shall serve God on this mountain.'
4

You yourselves have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I bore you on eagles' wings and brought you to myself.

Key Message

Israel's Exodus journey was accomplished not by their own ability but by God's grace in carrying them like eagles' wings.

▸The expression 'bore you on eagles' wings' is one of the most beautiful images expressing the entire Exodus journey.

5

Now therefore, if you will indeed obey my voice and keep my covenant, you shall be my treasured possession among all peoples, for all the earth is mine.

Key Message

Israel's election is situated within the context of universal sovereignty, and the one who is chosen is called not for their own privilege but for a mission for the whole world.

▸The declaration 'all the earth is mine' shows that the background of Israel's election is universal sovereignty.

6

And you shall be to me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation. These are the words that you shall speak to the people of Israel.

Key Message

Just as Israel is called to be a kingdom of priests, God's people have a priestly mission of mediating between the world and God.

▸'A kingdom of priests (mamlekhet kohanim)' declares Israel's mission.

16

On the morning of the third day there were thunders and lightnings and a thick cloud on the mountain and a very loud trumpet blast, so that all the people in the camp trembled.

Key Message

God's holy presence is an overwhelming thing that humans cannot control, and this reverence is the correct response of a creature standing before God.

▸The scene of God's presence descending on Mount Sinai.

20

The LORD came down on Mount Sinai, to the top of the mountain. And the LORD called Moses to the top of the mountain, and Moses went up.

Key Message

God is not One who stays in His place but One who comes down to where His people are, and this descent is the theological archetype of the incarnation.

▸The LORD 'came down (yarad)' to Mount Sinai.